Doctor’s Note: Your Easy + Essential Guide to Sunscreen
As dermatologists, we know it's important to protect your skin from harmful UV rays. One of the most important ways to protect your skin is by wearing sunscreen daily. We want to help you find the best sun protection for your skin. If you're interested in the geeky details, keep reading! If not, skip to the recommendations below!
What is Sunscreen?
Sunscreen is a lotion, spray, gel, or stick designed to protect your skin from ultraviolet (UV) rays. The best sunscreens offer broad-spectrum protection, meaning they block both UVA and UVB rays.
UVA rays penetrate deep into the skin, causing aging, wrinkles, and increasing skin cancer risk.
UVB rays primarily cause sunburn but also contribute to skin cancer.
Visible light dives the deepest. This can cause hyperpigmentation, especially in skin of color!
Sunscreen Benefits
Sunscreen does more than prevent sunburn—it provides long-term benefits:
Reduces the risk of skin cancer: Regular use of sunscreen is one of the best ways to lower your risk of skin cancers, including melanoma.
Prevents premature aging: UV rays break down collagen, leading to wrinkles and fine lines. Sunscreen helps maintain the skin’s youthful appearance.
Prevents sunburn: Painful sunburns not only damage the skin but also increase the risk of future skin problems.
Reduces pigmentation: Consistent sunscreen use helps prevent dark spots and hyperpigmentation caused by sun exposure.
Sunscreen Key Ingredients
When it comes to choosing sunscreen, you’ll often see two main types: mineral and chemical. Each type protects your skin from the sun but works in a different way. Understanding how they work can help you decide which one is best for you. Here is a breakdown:
Mineral Sunscreen
Mineral sunscreens, also called physical sunscreens, contain zinc oxide or titanium dioxide. They sit on top of the skin and physically block UV rays by reflecting them.
Pros: Mineral sunscreens are gentle, making them suitable for sensitive skin.
Cons: They can leave a white cast, especially on darker skin tones. They can have a thick texture and be hard to rub in. Tinted or sheer formulas can help reduce this issue.
Chemical Sunscreen
Chemical sunscreens absorb UV rays and convert them into heat, which is then released from the skin. They typically contain ingredients like avobenzone, octinoxate, and oxybenzone.
Pros: Chemical sunscreens are lightweight, blend easily, and have no white cast. They are a good option for normal, oily, or combination skin types.
Cons: They may cause irritation in sensitive skin, particularly around the eyes. Certain ingredients also harm coral reefs.
Choosing the Right SPF
Always choose a sunscreen with at least SPF 30, as it provides strong protection by blocking about 97% of UVB rays. If you are concerned about dark spots or hyperpigmentation, use SPF 50, which blocks about 98% of UVB rays and offers more protection against skin darkening. While higher SPFs provide slightly more coverage, no sunscreen can block 100% of UV rays. Apply sunscreen generously and reapply regularly, as this is more crucial for effective protection than relying solely on a high SPF.
How to Use Sunscreen Effectively
Apply as last step: Apply sunscreen as the last step of your skincare routine, just before applying makeup.
Use enough product: Use 2 full finger-lengths of sunscreen for your entire face. Use a shot glass size for your entire body.
Reapply regularly: Sunscreen wears off, especially with sweating or swimming. Reapply every two hours, or more frequently if you’re swimming or sweating.
Use daily: Apply sunscreen even on cloudy days, as up to 80% of UV rays can penetrate clouds.
Don’t forget sensitive areas: Cover often-missed areas like the ears, neck, scalp, lips, and hands.
Best Sunscreens
The best sunscreens offer broad-spectrum protection, shielding against both UVA and UVB rays, with an SPF of at least 30 for effective coverage. For sensitive skin, mineral-based sunscreens with zinc oxide or titanium dioxide are preferred due to their gentle and immediate protection. For daily use, especially under makeup, lighter chemical sunscreens that absorb quickly are ideal. Water-resistant formulations are a must for swimming or heavy sweating. Regardless of type, it's essential to apply sunscreen liberally and reapply every two hours, or more frequently after swimming or sweating, to maintain protection.
La Roche-Posay Anthelios Mineral Ultra-Light Face Sunscreen
Protection: SPF 50 (Mineral)
Texture: Fluid-like lotion
Vitamin E: Antioxidant
Thermal Spring Water: Soothes
Glycerin: Hydrates
Best For: Normal to oily, sensitive skin
La Roche-Posay Anthelios Sunscreen
Protection: SPF 70 (Chemical)
Texture: Lightweight, fluid-like lotion
Vitamin E: Antioxidant
Glycerin: Hydrates
Best For: Normal to oily, sensitive skin
Protection: SPF 50+ (Mineral)
Texture: Fluid, lightweight lotion
DNA Repairsomes®: Enzymes that help repair UV-induced damage
Vitamin E: Antioxidant
Best For: Sun-damaged or mature skin
ROUND LAB Birch Juice Moisturizing Sunscreen
Protection: SPF 50+ (Chemical)
Texture: Lightweight, creamy lotion
Birch Juice: Soothes and hydrates
Niacinamide: Calms irritation, improves barrier
Hyaluronic Acid: Hydrates
Best For: Dry, sensitive skin
Best Sunscreens for Sensitive Skin
The best sunscreens for sensitive skin are mineral-based, containing zinc oxide or titanium dioxide, which offer broad-spectrum protection against both UVA and UVB rays. These ingredients sit on the skin's surface to physically block UV radiation, minimizing the risk of irritation. With an SPF of at least 30, these sunscreens provide effective coverage and are ideal for those prone to skin reactions.
Protection: SPF 30 (Mineral)
Texture: Lightweight cream
Vitamin E: Antioxidant
Ceramides: Restore skin barrier
Glycerin: Hydrates
Best For: Dry, sensitive skin
Protection: SPF 50 (Mineral)
Texture: Silky, fluid-like lotion
Vitamin E: Antioxidant
Silk Extract: Soothes and supports skin barrier
Hyaluronic Acid: Hydrates
Best For: Normal to dry, sensitive skin
Dr. Jart Every Sun Day Mineral Sunscreen
Protection: SPF 50 (Mineral)
Texture: Fluid-like lotion
Vitamin E: Antioxidant
Panthenol: Soothes
Glycerin: Hydrates
Best For: Normal to dry, sensitive skin
Peter Thomas Roth Max Mineral Tinted Sunscreen
Protection: SPF 45 (Mineral)
Texture: Lightweight, tinted lotion
Vitamin E: Antioxidant
Willow Bark Extract: Soothes skin
Glycerin: Hydrates
Best For: Normal to oily skin, with uneven skin tone
Best Sunscreens for Dry Skin
The best sunscreens for dry skin are hydrating formulations that provide broad-spectrum protection against both UVA and UVB rays with an SPF of at least 30. Look for sunscreens that contain moisturizing ingredients like hyaluronic acid, glycerin, or ceramides, which help to nourish and protect the skin barrier. Mineral sunscreens with zinc oxide or titanium dioxide are especially suitable as they are less likely to irritate sensitive or dry skin. These sunscreens sit on the surface, physically blocking UV rays.
Protection: SPF 30 (Chemical)
Texture: Lightweight, fluid lotion
Ceramides: Restore and strengthen barrier
Niacinamide: Calms and soothes skin, reducing redness and irritation
Glycerin: Hydrates
Best For: Normal to dry, sensitive skin
La Roche-Posay's Toleriane UV Moisturizer
Protection: SPF 30 (Chemical)
Texture: Lightweight, fluid lotion
Ceramides: Restores barrier
Niacinamide: Calms irritation
Glycerin: Hydrates
Best For: Normal to dry, sensitive skin
Protection: SPF 30 (Chemical)
Texture: Moisturizing lotion
Jojoba Oil: Moisturizes
Avocado Oil: Nourishes skin
Sunflower Seed Oil: Antioxidant
Best For: Normal to dry skin, suitable for darker skin tones
Protection: SPF 40 (Mineral + Chemical)
Texture: Lightweight lotion
Hyaluronic Acid: Hydrates
Vitamin E: Antioxidant
Niacinamide: Calms skin
Best For: Normal to dry, sensitive skin
Best Sunscreens for Oily Skin
The best sunscreens for oily skin are lightweight, non-comedogenic formulas that offer broad-spectrum protection with an SPF of at least 30. Look for products labeled as oil-free and mattifying to help control shine throughout the day. Ingredients like zinc oxide or titanium dioxide are preferred as they are less likely to clog pores compared to some chemical sunscreen ingredients. Additionally, choosing a sunscreen with a gel or fluid texture can prevent the heavy, greasy feel often associated with creamier sunscreens.
Protection: SPF 46 (Mineral + Chemical)
Texture: Lightweight, fluid-like lotion
Niacinamide: Calms redness
Hyaluronic Acid: Hydrates
Vitamin E: Antioxidant
Best For: Oily, acne-prone, or rosacea-prone skin
Differin Oil Absorbing Moisturizer
Protection: SPF 30 (Chemical)
Texture: Matte, lightweight lotion
Micropearl Technology: Absorbs excess oil
Glycerin: Hydrates
Allantoin: Soothes skin
Best For: Oily, acne-prone skin
La Roche-Posay Anthelios Light Fluid Facial Sunscreen
Protection: SPF 60 (Chemical)
Texture: Ultra-light fluid
Vitamin E: Antioxidant
Thermal Spring Water: Soothes skin
Glycerin: Hydrates
Best For: Oily, sensitive skin
Revision Skincare Intellishade® Original
Protection: SPF 45 (Mineral + Chemical)
Texture: Tinted, creamy lotion
Vitamin C + E: Antioxidants
Peptides: Firm and smooth skin
Hyaluronic Acid: Hydrates
Best For: Mature skin, uneven skin tone
Best Sunscreens for Hyperpigmentation
If you’re dealing with hyperpigmentation, using the right sunscreen is crucial. Sunscreens not only protect your skin from further darkening but also help prevent new spots from forming. Look for broad-spectrum options with at least SPF 50, as these provide stronger protection against both UVA and UVB rays, which can worsen pigmentation. Here are some of the best sunscreens designed to keep dark spots at bay while also caring for your skin.
Protection: SPF 46 (Mineral + Chemical)
Texture: Lightweight, tinted lotion
Niacinamide: Calms redness
Hyaluronic Acid: Hydrates
Vitamin E: Antioxidant
Best For: Oily, acne-prone, or rosacea-prone skin
First Aid Beauty Weightless Liquid Mineral Sunscreen
Protection: SPF 30 (Mineral)
Texture: Weightless liquid
Zinc Oxide: Broad-spectrum protection
Vitamin E: Antioxidant
Glycerin: Hydrates
Best For: Normal to oily, sensitive skin
La Roche-Posay Anthelios Tinted Sunscreen SPF 50
Protection: SPF 50 (Mineral)
Texture: Lightweight, tinted fluid
Vitamin E: Antioxidant
Thermal Spring Water: Soothes skin
Glycerin: Hydrates
Best For: Normal to oily, sensitive skin
EltaMD UV Daily Tinted Sunscreen
Protection: SPF 40 (Mineral + Chemical)
Texture: Lightweight, tinted lotion
Hyaluronic Acid: Hydrates
Vitamin E: Antioxidant
Niacinamide: Calms skin
Best For: Normal to dry, sensitive skin
Best SPF Lip Balm
The lips are highly vulnerable to sun damage, and regular lip balm doesn’t offer enough protection. SPF lip balms are designed to shield the lips from UV rays while keeping them hydrated. They’re ideal for both daily use and outdoor activities. Apply frequently, especially after eating or drinking.
Type: SPF 25 lip balm.
Benefits: Protects lips from UV rays; contains shea butter and antioxidants for hydration.
Best For: Everyday use, especially during outdoor activities.
How to Use: Apply generously to lips; reapply every 2 hours.
Type: SPF 30 lip balm.
Benefits: Broad-spectrum sun protection; contains acai for extra hydration and antioxidant benefits.
Best For: Sun protection for lips with a fruity flavor.
How to Use: Apply evenly to lips; reapply throughout the day, especially after eating or drinking.
Best Scalp Sunscreen
The scalp is often overlooked but can burn easily, especially for those with thinning hair. Scalp sunscreens come in spray or powder form, offering easy application without weighing down hair. Look for lightweight, non-greasy formulas that won’t leave a residue.
Type: Scalp and hair sunscreen spray.
Benefits: Protects scalp and hair from UV rays; lightweight and non-greasy formula.
Best For: Outdoor activities to protect exposed scalp.
How to Use: Spray directly onto the scalp; reapply as needed, especially after swimming or sweating.
Type: SPF 35 powder for scalp.
Benefits: 100% mineral sunscreen; absorbs oil and protects the scalp.
Best For: Oil control and sun protection for part lines.
How to Use: Sprinkle onto scalp and pat gently; reapply every 2 hours.
Best Stick Sunscreen
Stick sunscreens are solid and portable, making them convenient for reapplication throughout the day. They are particularly useful for small areas like the face, lips, ears, and around the eyes. They offer precise application and are less likely to run into the eyes. To ensure even protection, layer the product and rub it in well.
Type: SPF 50+ sunscreen stick.
Benefits: Clear, waterproof, sweat-resistant; suitable for face and body.
Best For: On-the-go reapplication, even over makeup.
How to Use: Swipe directly onto skin; reapply every 2 hours or after swimming/sweating.
Type: SPF 50 mineral sunscreen stick.
Benefits: Gentle formula for sensitive skin; water-resistant up to 80 minutes.
Best For: Quick reapplication for sensitive areas like face and ears.
How to Use: Glide over skin; reapply every 2 hours or after swimming/sweating.
Best Sun Protective Clothing
Sun protective clothing is designed to block harmful UV rays, offering a simple way to stay protected outdoors. The best options include long-sleeved shirts, wide-brim hats, and pants made from tightly woven fabrics like polyester or nylon. Look for clothes labeled with a high UPF (Ultraviolet Protection Factor), ideally 30 or higher, as they block at least 97% of UV rays. Rash guards and swim shirts offer excellent protection for water activities, while lightweight, breathable fabrics help you stay cool in hot weather. Darker colors and thicker materials generally provide better coverage than lighter ones. Remember to wear sunglasses and apply sunscreen to exposed areas for full protection.
Type: Wide-brim straw hat.
Benefits: Offers UPF 50 sun protection for the face, neck, and shoulders.
Best For: Beach days or outdoor activities with extended sun exposure.
How to Use: Wear as needed; adjust the brim to block direct sunlight.
Type: Adjustable face shield visor.
Benefits: Provides full-face sun protection; adjustable angle for optimal coverage.
Best For: Outdoor sports, gardening, or walking.
How to Use: Adjust the strap for a secure fit; angle the visor as needed.
Type: Long-sleeve sun protection shirt.
Benefits: UPF 50+ rating; lightweight and breathable fabric.
Best For: Hiking, swimming, or any prolonged outdoor activity.
How to Use: Wear as an extra layer over a swimsuit or alone for sun protection.
Type: Long-sleeve sun protection shirt.
Benefits: UPF 50+ rating; moisture-wicking and quick-drying material.
Best For: Outdoor sports, beach activities, or fishing.
How to Use: Wear as needed; can be worn wet or dry for consistent sun protection.
Reapply Sunscreen 101
Reapplying sunscreen is just as important as putting it on in the first place. Sunscreen wears off over time, especially if you’re swimming, sweating, or wiping your face with a towel. To keep your skin protected, you should reapply every two hours when you’re outside. If you’re swimming or sweating heavily, reapply more often—about every 40 to 80 minutes, depending on the product’s label. Reapplying doesn’t have to be messy. You can use sunscreen powders, sticks, or cushions, which are easy to carry and quick to use over makeup. Don’t forget to cover all exposed areas, like your ears, neck, and the tops of your feet. Regular reapplication helps prevent sunburn, skin damage, and reduces the risk of skin cancer.
Type: SPF 35 setting powder.
Benefits: Provides UV protection, absorbs oil, sets makeup.
Best For: Oily skin or over makeup reapplication.
How to Use: Brush onto skin after initial sunscreen application; reapply every 2 hours.
Type: SPF 30 mineral powder.
Benefits: Translucent matte finish; easy reapplication.
Best For: All skin tones and sensitive skin.
How to Use: Apply with a built-in brush; reapply throughout the day.
Type: Oral supplement for skin protection.
Key Ingredient: Fernblock® PLE Technology.
Benefits: Provides antioxidant protection; supports skin's defense against UV rays from the inside.
Usage: Take daily as an addition to topical sunscreen.
Type: SPF 50+ cushion.
Benefits: High UV protection; hydrating; easy to reapply.
Best For: Dry to normal skin.
How to Use: Pat onto skin; reapply every 2 hours.
Type: SPF 50+ cushion.
Benefits: Lightweight, airy texture; high protection.
Best For: All skin types.
How to Use: Tap onto skin; reapply regularly, especially outdoors.
Common Sunscreen Myths
Several misconceptions about sunscreen can lead to improper use. Here’s the truth about some of the most common myths:
Myth 1: "You don’t need sunscreen if you’re indoors."
Fact: UVA rays can penetrate windows, meaning you can still get UV exposure while inside. Sunscreen should be worn indoors if you’re near windows.
Myth 2: "I have dark skin, so I don’t need sunscreen."
Fact: While melanin offers some natural protection, it doesn’t block all UV rays. Sunscreen is important for all skin tones to reduce the risk of skin cancer and other sun damage.
Myth 3: "SPF in makeup is enough."
Fact: Makeup with SPF is helpful, but you usually don’t apply enough to get adequate protection. Always apply sunscreen underneath makeup for complete coverage.
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