Scalp 101: For a Flaky Scalp
In this video, we'll dive into the differences between dry scalp, dandruff, seborrheic dermatitis, and scalp psoriasis, helping you understand their unique causes and treatments. Whether you're dealing with flakiness, itchiness, or redness, we'll provide clear insights to help you identify and manage these common scalp conditions effectively.
Scalp Flake Comparison
Understanding the causes and treatments for scalp flakes can be challenging, as several conditions can contribute to flaking. This Scalp Flake Comparison Chart provides a clear overview of different types of scalp flakes, including their causes, symptoms, and recommended treatments. By comparing various conditions such as dandruff, seborrheic dermatitis, and psoriasis, this chart aims to help you identify the specific type of flaking you might be experiencing and find the most effective solutions for managing it.
Dry Scalp
Cause: Lack of moisture
Itch: Mild
Flakes: Tiny, white
Context Clues: Cold weather, dry air, harsh shampoos, eczema
Treatment:
Scalp moisturizers
Gentle shampoo
Avoid harsh chemicals
Avoid irritation
Dandruff
Cause: Yeast
Itch: Mild/Moderate
Flakes: Large, white
Treatment:
Anti-dandruff shampoo
Seborrheic Dermatitis
Cause: Yeast
Itch: Moderate/Severe
Skin: RED
Flakes: YELLOW
Context Clues: Face, chest, back involvement
Treatment
Yeast: Antifungal shampoos
Inflammation: Topical steroids
Scalp Psoriasis
Cause: Overactive immune system
Itch: Moderate/Severe
Skin: RED + THICK
Flakes: White, dry, thick, powdery
Context Clues: Psoriasis
Treatment:
Descale: Salicylic acid shampoos, oils
Inflammation: Antifungal shampoos, topical steroids
Let’s Compare More!
Dry scalp, dandruff, seborrheic dermatitis, and scalp psoriasis each have distinct features. Dry scalp causes small, dry flakes with minimal redness and itchiness, usually eased by moisturizing. Dandruff produces larger, oily flakes with some redness and itchiness, needing antifungal shampoos for treatment. Seborrheic dermatitis involves greasy yellow or white scales, significant redness, and itching, often requiring ongoing care. Scalp psoriasis features thick, silvery-white scales, intense redness, and itching, and persists long-term, needing specialized treatments like topical corticosteroids or phototherapy. Accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective management of these conditions.
Let’s get into specifics and treatment for each condition!
Dry Scalp
A common cause of a dry and itchy scalp is a lack of moisture. This condition often presents with mild itching and tiny, white flakes. Cold weather, dry air, harsh shampoos, and eczema are typical context clues that can indicate this issue. To treat a dry scalp, it is recommended to use scalp moisturizers and gentle shampoos while avoiding harsh chemicals and any form of irritation.
Vanicream Shampoo
DHS Clear Shampoo
Briogeo Scalp Revival
Head & Shoulders Hydrating Serum
Dandruff
Dandruff is a common scalp condition characterized by an overproduction of skin cells. It typically results in mild to moderate itching and noticeable white or yellow flakes with “hair holes.” Factors such as oily skin, sensitivity to hair care products, and the presence of a yeast-like fungus called Malassezia can contribute to dandruff. Effective treatment often involves the use of anti-dandruff shampoos containing ingredients like zinc pyrithione, selenium sulfide, or ketoconazole. Additionally, it's important to maintain good scalp hygiene, avoid oily or greasy hair products, and minimize stress, which can exacerbate the condition.
Neutrogena T/Gel
Active Ingredient: 0.5% coal tar
Usage: Use twice a week. Alternate with gentle shampoo.
Note: Neutrogena has two popular shampoos: T-Sal (with salicylic acid) and T-Gel (with coal tar). There is no prescription coal tar.
Nizoral
Active Ingredient: 1% ketoconazole
Usage: Use twice a week. Alternate with gentle shampoo.
Note: The prescription version is 2% ketoconazole.
Selsun Blue
Active Ingredient: 1% selenium sulfide
Usage: Use twice a week. Alternate with gentle shampoo.
Note: There is no prescription version of selenium sulfide.
Head & Shoulders
Active Ingredient: 1% zinc pyrithione
Usage: Use twice a week. Alternate with gentle shampoo.
Note: Zinc pyrithione is also anti-inflammatory. There is no prescription version.
Click here for the best products for dandruff!
Seborrheic Dermatitis
Seborrheic dermatitis is the “bad boy” older brother of dandruff. Seb Derm is a common skin condition that mainly affects the scalp but can also involve the face, chest, and back. It is believed to be caused by an overgrowth of yeast on the skin. Symptoms include moderate to severe itching, red skin, and the presence of yellow flakes. Treatment typically involves targeting the yeast overgrowth with antifungal shampoos. In cases where there is significant inflammation, topical steroids may also be prescribed to reduce redness and itching.
Nizoral
Active Ingredient: 1% ketoconazole
Usage: Use twice a week. Alternate with gentle shampoo.
Note: The prescription version is 2% ketoconazole.
Selsun Blue
Active Ingredient: 1% selenium sulfide
Usage: Use twice a week. Alternate with gentle shampoo.
Note: There is no prescription version of selenium sulfide.
Head & Shoulders
Active Ingredient: 1% zinc pyrithione
Usage: Use twice a week. Alternate with gentle shampoo.
Note: Zinc pyrithione is also anti-inflammatory. There is no prescription version.
Scalpicin
Active Ingredient: 1% hydrocortisone
Usage: Use sparingly if very itchy.
Note: Topical steroid. Do not overuse. Much stronger steroids are available by prescription (clobetasol, betamethasone, fluocinonide, etc.)
Scalp Psoriasis
Scalp psoriasis can occur as a standalone condition but more commonly appears alongside psoriasis in other areas of the body. It is a chronic inflammatory condition that speeds up the growth cycle of skin cells (commonly on the scalp, elbows, knees, and back. This results in the formation of thick, silvery scales and itchy, dry, red patches. It most commonly occurs on the back of the scalp, though it can also extend beyond the scalp to the forehead, back of the neck, or behind the ears. Treatment consists of two separate steps:
Nizoral Psoriasis Shampoo
Active Ingredient: 3% salicylic acid
Note: Highest % salicylic acid.
Nizoral Anti-Dandruff Shampoo
Active: 1% Ketoconazole
Note: Anti-fungal. Anti-inflammatory. Prescription version is 2% ketoconazole.
Scalpicin Itch Treatment
Active Ingredient: 1% hydrocortisone
Note: Topical steroid. Do not overuse. Much stronger steroids are available by prescription (clobetasol, betamethasone, fluocinonide, etc.)
DHS Tar Shampoo
Active Ingredient: 0.5% coal tar
Click here for the best products for scalp psoriasis!
Scalp FAQs
Why Is My Scalp Tender in One Spot?
Your scalp might be tender in one spot due to reasons like inflammation, infection, or a minor injury. It could also be caused by wearing tight hairstyles or using harsh hair products. If the tenderness persists or worsens, it’s a good idea to consult a dermatologist.
How Can I Moisturize My Scalp?
To moisturize your scalp, you can use a lightweight oil or a leave-in conditioner. Apply the product directly to your scalp, gently massaging it in. Make sure to use products that are non-comedogenic, meaning they won’t clog your pores.
Why Does My Head Itch When I’m Sweaty?
Your head may itch when you're sweaty because sweat can irritate your scalp, especially if there’s a buildup of sweat, dirt, or hair products. Washing your hair regularly and keeping your scalp clean can help prevent itching.
What Causes Scalp Pain?
Scalp pain can be caused by tight hairstyles, scalp infections, or even stress. Sometimes, it can also be a sign of an underlying skin condition like psoriasis or dermatitis. If the pain doesn’t go away, you should see a healthcare provider.
Why Does My Scalp Itch a Day After Washing?
If your scalp itches a day after washing, it might be due to dryness, leftover shampoo, or an allergic reaction to hair products. Make sure to rinse thoroughly and use products that suit your scalp type.
Does Rosemary Oil Help the Scalp?
Yes, rosemary oil is known for its benefits to the scalp. It can improve circulation, reduce dandruff, and even promote hair growth. You can apply it directly to your scalp or mix it with a carrier oil like coconut oil.
Can MCT Oil Help My Scalp?
MCT (medium-chain triglyceride) oil can help to moisturize the scalp and reduce dryness. It has antimicrobial properties that can benefit those with dandruff or other scalp conditions. Apply a small amount to the scalp and massage gently.
Does Scalp Massage Help Hair Growth?
Yes, regular scalp massages can help promote hair growth. The massage increases blood circulation to the hair follicles, which can stimulate growth. It also helps to relax you, which can reduce stress-related hair loss.
Why Does My Scalp Smell?
A smelly scalp can be caused by a buildup of sweat, oil, or hair products. It might also indicate a fungal infection or poor hygiene. Washing your hair regularly with a suitable shampoo can help manage the smell.
How Do I Get Rid of Scalp Buildup?
To get rid of scalp buildup, you can use a clarifying shampoo once a week. This type of shampoo is formulated to remove excess oil, dead skin cells, and product residue from your scalp.